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Chemistry / "Chemistry"
CHEMISTRY
I am chemistry. I am mysterious and mature, malodorous, yet vivacious. I am a heaving
search for answers to all kinds of interesting questions. I am extremely broad, that I
overlap with all the other natural sciences. I am the fundamental unit of matter-the atom-
only to be seen by the utmost effective microscope. I prosper in the dashing, fiery flames
in a fragile glass...
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Chemistry / A Brief History Of Atomic Theory
In the beginning of the 1800s John Dalton, an English scientist did work some work on gases, which lead him to the creation of a complex system of symbols for all known elements at the time. He took all the information he had collected, along with the Laws of Conservation of Mass, Definite Composition and Multiple Proportions and updated Aristotle's theory of matter with the Atomic Theory of Matte...
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Chemistry / A Cosmetic Chemist
Introduction: Since Ancient civilizations women have been using cosmetics to better their appearances. Over the centuries they evolved into what they are today. You can look into a girls medicine cabinet from age three to one hundred and thirty-three and I can almost guarantee you that they own some kind of cosmetic. Whether the cosmetic is cover up, to cover a blemish or lipstick to enhance the...
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Chemistry / A Vogadro
A vogadro was born on June 9, 1776 in Turin, Italy. He began his career in 1796 by obtaining a doctorate in law and practicing as a lawyer for three years after. In 1800, he began to take private lessons in mathematics and physics and decided to make the natural sciences his profession. He was appointed as a demonstrator at the Academy of Turin in1806 and the Professor of Natural Philosophy at t...
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Chemistry / A Vogadro
A Vogadro
A vogadro was born on June 9, 1776 in Turin, Italy. He began his career in 1796 by obtaining a doctorate in law and practicing as a lawyer for three years after. In 1800, he began to take private lessons in mathematics and physics and decided to make the natural sciences his profession. He was appointed as a demonstrator at the Academy of Turin in1806 and the Professor of Natural P...
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Chemistry / Acid Rain
Acid rain is formed when certain gases dissolve in rainwater to form acids. Acid rain by definition in the Chemistry book states: Rainwater that has become excessively acidic because of absorption of pollutant oxides, notably SO3, produced by human activities (1). There are airborne pollutants that cause acid precipitation for instance sulfur and nitrogen. By far the most common caus...
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Chemistry / Acid/Base Titration
Titration
of an
Acid with a Base
Jeff Barker
Chem. A-1
Wednesday, May 17, 2000
Introduction:
When you combine strong acids and bases, perfect ionization is achieved. This means that all that is left after the reactions are water and the spectator ion. The definition of an acid is "a substance that produces hydronium ions when dissolved in water." Acids have a pH range from 1-6. ...
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Chemistry / Aids
Factors of Parasitic Virulence
ABSTRACT
Why do some parasites kill the host they depend upon while
others coexist with their host? Two prime factors determine parasitic
virulence: the manner in which the parasite is transmitted, and the
evolutionary history of the parasite and its host. Parasites which
have colonized a new host species tend to be more virulent ...
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Chemistry / Alchemy
Science AlchemyAlchemy, ancient art practiced especially in the Middle Ages, devoted chieflyto discovering a substance that would transmute the more common metals intogold or silver and to finding a means of indefinitely prolonging human life. Although its purposes and techniques were dubious and often illusory, alchemywas in many ways the predecessor of modern science, especially the scien...
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Chemistry / Alchemy In The Middle Ages
The Dark Ages was a period of stupidity and ignorance. People destroyed what they feared, and people feared the unknown. People spent their waking days just trying to stay alive-- from wandering vagrants, disease, age, and the elements: fire, water, earth, air. These were the basic elements that everything was composed of. The modern belief is that alchemy was the precursor to today's ph...
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Chemistry / Alkali Metals
The six chemical elements that are known as alkali metals are lithium (Li), sodium
(Na), potassium (K), rubidium (Rb), cesium (Cs), and the extremely rare radioactive
substance called francium (Fr). Cesium and Francium are the most reactive elements in
this group. The word alkali comes from the Arabic word al-qili, meaning plant ashes.
Plant
ashes were the first source of alkali...
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Chemistry / Aluminum
(8 pages w/ double space size 12 Arial, not including Bib.)
Aluminum is one of a number of soft metals that scientists call "poor" metals. It can be shaped and twisted into any form. It can be rolled into thick plates for armored tanks or into thin foil for chewing gum wrappers. It may be drawn into a wire or made into cans. Aluminum is a generally popular metal because it does not rust...
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Chemistry / Ammonium Nitrate
Ammonium Nitrate
Ammonium Nitrate (AN), NH4NO3, has a molecular weight of 80.05. It does not occur in nature. This white crystalline solid was first described in 1659 by Gauber who called it Nitram flammens because it produced a yellow flame when burned due to traces of sodium in his samples. Today, AN is the most widely produced ammonium compound in the world. According to the International Fert...
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Chemistry / Anti-Matter
Anti-Matter
Introduction
Ordinary matter has negatively charged electrons circling a positively charged nuclei. Anti-matter however has positively charged electrons - positrons - orbiting a nuclei with a negative charge - anti-protons. Only anti-protons and positrons are able to be produced at this time, but scientists in Switzerland have begun a series of experiments which they believe will lea...
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Chemistry / Antoine Laurent Lavoisier
Antoine Laurent LavoisierBy Michael OsgoodNovember 1, 1998First SemesterChemistry Antoine Laurent Lavoisier was a French chemist and is considered to be the father of modern chemistry. He was the first person to develop a new theory about combustion, which in turn eliminated the old phlogistic doctrine. His studies about oxidation and respiration showed that oxygen is a key element in a...
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Chemistry / Asimov On Chemistry
Asimov on ChemistryThe Book Asimov on Chemistry by Isaac Asimov is a collection ofseventeen essays that he wrote for The Magazine of Fantasy and ScienceFiction. This book is one of ten that were published by Doubleday & Company,Inc. Not all of the books centered on chemistry and like science. Most justcovered anything Isaac Asimov wondered about. These Essays date back quiteaways with a...
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Chemistry / Bignerds
Why nuclear fusion is so cool....... For a fusion reaction to take place, the nuclei, which are positively charged, must have enough kinetic energy to overcome their electrostatic force of repulsion. This can occur either when one nucleus is accelerated to high energies by an accelerating device, or ...
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Chemistry / Bio Notebook
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
General Info
Defn: "To make with light"
Reactants (Ingredients)
CO2, H2O, Sunlight, chlorophyll
Products
Food (C6H12O6 = glucose) and O2
Overall Reaction
Photosynthesis is actually a series of two reactions.
Light reactions (require sunlight)
chlorophyll uses sunlight to split water and form oxygen and chemical energy.
Dark reactions (don t require light)
use chemical ene...
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Chemistry / Caffeine
12/04/99 Applied Chemistry Research-Caffeine Graham Cousins
Caffeine, a odorless slightly bitter substance that is in most caffeinated beverages.
Caffeine is present in about 4% of tea leaves and in coffee. Caffeine contains two other
alkaloids, theobromine and theophylline. These two relax the muscles while the caffeine
stimulates the heart and respi...
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Chemistry / Carbon Dioxide
Carbon is the basis for all life on earth. This essay will explain the role of carbon
dioxide in v arious parts of the carbon cycle. This essay will examin three main, and
important parts of the carbon cycle, starting by explaning the role of the ocean in
obsorbing cabon. Next this essay will examin the human influences on the carbon cycle
and human production of carbon dioxide. Thiedly this...
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Chemistry / Carbon Dioxide
The Greenhouse Effect
The greenhouse effect occurs when gases such as methane, carbon dioxide,
nitrogen oxide and CFCs trap heat in the atmosphere by acting as a pane of
glass in a car. ?The glass? lets the sun light in to make heat but when the
heat tries to get out the gases absorb the heat. Holding this heat in causes
heat waves, droughts and climate changes which could al...
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Chemistry / Chemical Reactions
Chemical reactions
Chemical reactions are the heart of chemistry. People have always known that they exist. The Ancient Greeks were the firsts to speculate on the composition of matter. They thought that it was possible that individual particles made up matter.
Later, in the Seventeenth Century, a German chemist named Georg Ernst Stahl was the first to postulate on chemical reaction, specific...
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Chemistry / Chemical Reactions
Chemical reactions Chemical reactions are the heart of chemistry. People havealways known that they exist. The Ancient Greeks were the firststo speculate on the composition of matter. They thought that itwas possible that individual particles made up matter. Later, in the Seventeenth Century, a German chemist namedGeorg Ernst Stahl was the first to postulate on chemicalreaction, ...
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Chemistry / Chemist
Becoming a chemist takes a lot of hard work and discipline. One very importan
aspect of being a chemist is English, Comunication is of the utter most importance
(Murphy). As well as having good communication skills, you also need a lot of patience.
However, there are many other qualities you will need such as an excellent learning ability
and mathematical skills. You will also need to be a...
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Chemistry / Cigarettes Should Be Illegal
Cigarette smoking is one of the most powerful addictions known; even more powerful than a dependence on alcohol, heroin, or cocaine. To grasp this well-documented fact, one really doesn t have to study all the supporting scientific evidence. One simply has to consider that no other drug is self administered with the persistence, regularity and the frequency of a cigarette. Since its large-s...
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Chemistry / Copper/Silver Lab
Gayle Adkinson
Director of Operations
Adkinson Chemical Corporation
Dear Mrs. Adkinson:
A sample of copper has been produced as requested. We are pleased to report that the
most copper has been produced through the most efficient method. But we regrettably to
report that an accident had occurred during the process (which you will not be billed for).
This accident led to a series of i...
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Chemistry / Dmitri Mendeleev
Dmitri Mendeleev
Mendeleev, Dmitri (1834-1907): Russian chemist born at Tobolsk, Siberia. He studied science at St. Petersburg and graduated in 1856. In 1863 he was appointed to a professorship and in 1866 he succeeded to the Chair in the University. Mendeleev is best known for his work on the periodic table; arranging the 63 known elements into a Periodic Table based on Atomic Mass, which he p...
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Chemistry / Dmitry Mendeleev
Dmitry Ivanovich Mendeleyev
(1834-1907)
Dmitry Ivanovich Mendeleyev was Russian chemist, known
for his development of the periodic table of elements. This is a
table created to arrange the elements by their atomic number.
Mendeleyev was born in Tobolsk, Siberia. He studied
chemistry at the University of Saint Petersburg, until 1859 when
he was sent to learn at the University of Heidel...
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Chemistry / Dopamine
Dopamine
As the chemical responsible for the pleasurable sensations felt by the human brain, dopamine
has been found to be active in many aspects of every day life. Any physiological action that
receives a positive feedback, such as a handshake, a kiss, or the use of a drug, can cause the level
of dopamine activity in the brain to increase.
Dopamine is a neurotransmitter th...
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Chemistry / Effect Of Catnip On Cats
EFFECTS OF CATNIP
Purpose: To determine the effect of catnip on cats.
Materials: 2 cats
Cat Nip
5 cat toys (balls) - 2 with catnip inside; 3 without
1 cat nip mouse
1 Scratch Pad
Procedure: 1. I sat with my cat and the toy balls. The balls were bounced one at a
time, ...
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Chemistry / Enzymes Effects On Chemical Reactions
How does this Enzyme effect on this Biochemical Reaction?
Purpose: The purpose of this lab was to discover the effects that certain enzymes have on chemical reactions. Were studying organic chemistry specifically, cells and proteins. The building blocks for proteins are enzymes and what better way to understand how they work than to watch them catalyze a reaction.
Hypothesis: None really, just...
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Chemistry / Frankenstein 2
Victor Frankenstein was very interested in natural philosophy and chemistry and basically tried to play God by creating life. When he found the secret of activating dead flesh, he created a superhuman being composed of rotted corpses. What he did was considered unthinkable, and he was haunted by his own creation.
When the monster escaped, Frankenstein knew that he had to deal with the conseque...
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Chemistry / Gilbert Newton Lewis
GILBERT NEWTON LEWIS Gilbert Newton Lewis was much more than anordinary, average chemist. In his time era he wasthought to be one of the most important and influentialchemists in America. Most of the big shot, famous,brilliant chemists originated from Europe. Othersfinally followed this great man, and brought a wave ofchemistry research and development into Twentiethcentury America. Octo...
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Chemistry / Helium
Helium
by I ain't telling you!!!
Pierre Janssen discovered helium in the sun in 1868. Janssen
originally thought it was sodium, but Joseph Norman Lockyer noticed that it
didn't correspond to the D1 and D2 lines of sodium. He named it the "D3"
line. Lockyer said that the element D3 was unknown on Earth. He and
Edward Franklin concluded on the name Helios after the Greek god of the ...
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Chemistry / Hopes And Dreams
Hopes and Dreams
Science has been the backbone of my life ever since my high school days in Malaysia. Although I studied many science subjects like Physics and Biology, I was especially fond of chemistry. My fondness of chemistry was attributed to my chemistry teacher Mr. Ang, in the eleventh grade who motivated me to explore every topic in great depth. He always gave me great advice, ...
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Chemistry / How To Become A Chemist
Becoming a chemist takes a lot of hard work and discipline. One very importan aspect of being a chemist is English, Comunication is of the utter most importance (Murphy). As well as having good communication skills, you also need a lot of patience. However, there are many other qualities you will need such as an excellent learning ability and mathematical skills. You will also ne...
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Chemistry / Josiah Gibbs
There are many greats when it comes to the history of chemistry, many in America. One such was Josiah Gibbs. He was a physicist and mathematician who made contributions to vector analysis, statistical mechanics and founded chemical thermodynamics.Josiah Willard Gibbs was born February 11, 1839 in New Haven, Connecticut. He was one of four children. His father, also Josiah Gibbs, was a t...
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Chemistry / Krypton
The element that I have chosen in . The people
who discovered it are known as Sir William Ramsay and
Morris William Travers. Sir William Ramsay and Morris William
Travers were looking for new gases in the air when the
discovered krypton (Kr). They called it krypton which is
Greek for 'hidden'.
Ramsay and Travers discovered this gaseous element in
1898. They discovered it by collecting ...
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Chemistry / Lead
subject = Chemistry
title = Lead
papers = Lead is a lustrous, silvery
metal that tarnishes in the presence of air and becomes a dull bluish
gray. Soft and flexible, it has a low melting point (327 °C). Its chemical
symbol, Pb, is from plumbum, the Latin word for waterworks, because of
lead's extensive use in ancient water pipes. Itsatomic number is 82; its
atomic weight is 207.19.
Lea...
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Chemistry / Light
Light
By David Carlson
Light is emitted from many different sources. It comes from the
sun, the moon, flashlights, light bulbs, and other things. It is essential to our
everyday life. Without it we would stumble around and have no clue what is
going on around it.
The main source of light on Earth is the Sun. Without it their would be
no life on Earth. Light travels at 186,282 m...
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Chemistry / Linus Carl Pauling
Linus Carl Pauling
Linus Carl Pauling was born in 1901 and died in 1994. He was an American chemist and physicist, whose investigations into the structure of molecules led to discoveries of how chemicals bond.
Pauling was born in Portland, Oregon, on February 28, 1901, and educated at Oregon State College and the California Institute of Technology (Caltech). He began to apply his insights...
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Chemistry / Linus Carl Pauling
Linus Carl Pauling Linus Carl Pauling was born Feb. 28, 1901 inPortland Oreg. He has made major contributions instructural chemistry and molecular biology. LinusPauling became interested in biological molecules, andhe preformed magnetic studies on oxygen-carryinghemoglobin molecules with C. D. Coryell. Linusdeveloped a structural theory of denatured andcoagulated protein molecules. ...
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Chemistry / Linus Pauling, The Father Of Genetics
[ABSTRACT]AbstractIn the late 1940s, few Americans had any idea what the long-term effects of nuclear radiation might be, and their government wasn't telling them. Dr. Linus Pauling had already won renown for his application of modern physics to the problems of chemistry when he took on the unpopular task of informing the public about the dangers of nuclear weapons. Pauling endured exclusi...
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Chemistry / Linuspauling
Linus Carl Pauling
Linus Carl Pauling was born Feb. 28, 1901 in
Portland Oreg. He has made major contributions in
structural chemistry and molecular biology. Linus
Pauling became interested in biological molecules, and
he preformed magnetic studies on oxygen-carrying
hemoglobin molecules with C. D. Coryell. Linus
developed a structural theory of denatured and
coagulated protein...
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Chemistry / Magnesium
Magnesium is a fairly abundant silver-white metallic metal, and is not found pure in nature. Magnesium (Mg) combines with most acids and non-metals, including but not limited to nitrogen, and has a melting point of 65 degrees Celsius, and a boiling point of 1,090 degrees Celsius. Magnesium was discovered by the English Chemist, Sir Humphry Davy, in the year 1808. Magnesium falls under the group...
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Chemistry / Magnetic Susceptabilty
Abstract:
The change in weight induced by a magnetic field for three solutions of complexes was recorded. The change in weight of a calibrating solution of 29.97% (W/W) of NiCl2 was recorded to calculate the apparatus constant as 5.7538. cv and cm for each solution was determined in order to calculate the number of unpaired electrons for each paramagnetic complex. Fe(NH4)2(SO4)2 6(H20) had ...
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Chemistry / Marie Curie
Marie CurieMarie Curie(1867-1934) was a French physicist with many accomplishments in both physics and chemistry. Marie and her husband Pierre, who was also a French physicist, are both famous for their work in radioactivity. Marie Curie, originally named Marja Sklodowska, was born in Warsaw, Poland on Nov.7, 1867. Her first learning of physics came from her father who taught it in high s...
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Chemistry / Mercury
Mercury's atomic number is 80. It's mass is 201. Its density at 20 degrees Celsius is 13.456 g/cm cubed. It's silvery-white and flows very easily. It conducts electricity fairly well, but is a poor conductor of heat. It was known to Chinese and Hindus before 2000 BC and was found in Egyptian tombs dating back to 1500 BC. It was named after Mercury, the Roman messenger to the gods(Hermes in Gr...
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Abstract
The percentage of water in Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate was found. Copper Sulfate was heated in a crucible to evaporate the water. The mass was weighed to find the difference before and after heating. By comparing these masses, the percentage of water was found. The percentage of water was found to be 34%.
Theory
Copper Sulfate Pentahydrate or CuSO + 5 H O is a solid compound....
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Chemistry / Phosphates In Water Pollution
Chemistry: Water Pollution
Phosphates in Water Pollution
Phosphates may be created by substituting some or all of the
hydrogen of a phosphoric acid by metals. Depending on the number of
hydrogen atoms that are replaced, the resulting compound is described as
a primary, secondary or tertiary phosphate. Primary and secondary
phosphates contain hydrogen and are acid salts. Secondary and t...
